attoPUBLICATIONS attoCATALOG-2015/16 | Page 240

PAGE 238 Linear Positioners Working Principle Premium Line nanopositioners Working Principle - Coarse Positioners (ANP, ANR, ANG models) Piezo Voltage Piezoelectric actuator Clamped table AT REST Guiding rod Flexible membrane Fixed frame 1 Piezo Voltage Time Flexible membrane supports the piezo and the axis STICK 2 2. During the phase of the slow flank the clamped table sticks to the guiding rod and is moved over a distance Δx. The achieved expansion Δx is proportional to the applied maximum voltage. The typical minimum step size for ANP positioners is in the range of 50 nm at ambient conditions and 10 nm at cryogenic temperatures. 3. Time ∆x Piezo Voltage 1. A guiding rod is firmly connected to a piezoelectric actuator while the moving table is clamped to it. A sawtooth shaped voltage pulse is applied to the piezo. net step is completed SLIP 3 By applying the steep flank of the voltage pulse to the piezo, the guiding rod is accelerated very rapidly over a short period of time, so that the inertia of the clamped table overcomes friction. This way, the clamped table disengages from the accelerated rod and remains nearly non-displaced. The net step Δx is now completed. Time By repeating this procedure the table can be moved over large distances with nanometer precision. All ANS scanner units consist of a compact frame with integrated flexure structures. Depending on the scanner type, a set of suitable piezo stacks are implemented to the frame. By applying unipolar DC voltages to the piezo elements the piezo itself is expanded. Working Principle – Scanners (ANS) One-dimensional z scanner Two-dimensional xy scanner Three-dimensional xyz scanner The flexures amplify this motion and samples mounted on an ANS scanner unit experience a scan motion much larger than for bare standard PZT materials. The flexure structures of all ANS scanners are optimized for large scan ranges at cryogenic temperatures.