attoPUBLICATIONS attoCATALOG-2015/16 | Page 134

attoAFM /CFM PAGE 132 attoAFM/CFM combined low temperature atomic force and confocal microscope, tuning fork based The tuning fork based attoAFM/CFM not only allows fast optical investigation of the sample prior to detailed AFM studies, it also enables precise positioning of the AFM tip over small structures and optical control of the scanning process or any surface manipulation. Also, optical experiments such as Raman spectroscopy and tip enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) can be conducted. Needless to say that all of these tasks can be performed in extreme environments, such as ultra low temperature, high vacuum and magnetic fields. The attoAFM/CFM uses an Akiyama probe tip to investigate tip-sample interaction forces on the nanometer scale. The Akiyama probe is typical- ly operated in non-contact mode using a phase-locked loop to excite the probe at resonance and track any shift in frequency due to tip-sample interactions. An additional PI controller keeps the frequency shift at a constant value while scanning over the surface. Simultaneously to the information provided by the Akiyama probe, the CFM reveals complementary optical information of the sample surface. Since the z-scanning motion is provided by a dedicated scanner on the side of the AFM, the focal distance between the low-temperature compatible lens and the sample does not change. 6 1 2 7 Principle of atomic-sized magnetic sensors using NV centers. 3 8 01 LT and HV compatible feedthroughs 9 02 vacuum window 03 microscope insert 04 superconducting magnet (optional) 05 liquid He dewar (optional) 06 confocal microscope objective 4 5 Schematic drawing of the low temperature attoAFM/CFM and the surrounding liquid Helium dewar (optional) 07 AFM Akiyama probe 08 two xyz coarse positioners and xyz scanner units 09 ultra stable Titanium housing