attoPUBLICATIONS attoCATALOG-2015/16 | Page 130

attoAFM /STM PAGE 128 attoAFM/STM combined low temperature atomic force and scanning tunneling microscope In the attoAFM/STM, the two worlds of atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopy are genuinely combined. In contrast to the attoAFM III, the attoAFM/STM uses a horizontally aligned tuning fork to reduce unshielded tunneling current wire lenght to a minimum (several millimeters in this case). The attoAFM/STM is available with interferometric encoder for closed loop operation. Principle - The attoAFM/STM typically uses an ultra-sharp etched tungsten tip as a probe. The tip is glued onto the tuning fork and electrically connected to a current/voltage amplifier located on the top of the experiment. A low temperature, high-vacuum compatible coaxial cable is used for this connection, guaranteeing minimum possible noise pickup. The instrument can be operated in AFM, STM, or combined AFM & STM mode. With this instrument, scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements on generally non-conductive samples with conductive patches have finally become possible. One of the biggest advantages of this design is the large scan range at low temperatures of 9 µm x 9 µm x 2 µm. This is almost two orders of magnitude larger in area than in conventional STM designs. This way, lithographically defined mesoscopic nanostructures, be it conducting or insulating, can be located and investigated. 10 9 1 2 8 01 LT and HV compatible feedthroughs 3 02 vacuum window 03 microscope insert 7 6 04 superconducting magnet (optional) 05 liquid He dewar (optional) 06 ultra stable Titanium housing 07 xyz coarse positioners 08 xyz scanner 09 quick-exchange sample holder 4 Schematic drawing of the low temperature attoAFM III and the surrounding liquid 5 helium dewar (optional) 10 tuning fork AFM/STM sensor